except for, except, besides和but都有“除了”的意思,但它们的用法和含义有区别,现将except for except besides but的区别详细解析如下:
except/ but A: 除了A;把A排除在外
(与all,who,one,nobody等连用时,多用but,不用except)
besides A: 除了A(还有);A被包括在内
except for A: 除A之外;把例外A从整体中排除,对整体评价不变
-We are here except/but Jack.
我们在这里,除了Jack。
(Jack 被排除在外,Jack不在这里)
All but him are here.
除了他,所有人都在这里。
-We are here besides Jack.
除了Jack, 还有我们在这里。
(Jack被包括在内,Jack和我们一样在这里)
-Besides the two bags, I have bought two pairs of shoes.
除了这两个书包,我还买了两双鞋。
-The article is very good except for some grammar mistakes.
这篇文章除了有些语法错误之外都非常好 。
(语法错误是些小缺陷,不影响整体评价)
The room is empty except for several boxes.
这房间是空的,只是有几个箱子。
TIPS:
1)其实,except for除了以上用法,还可以代替except。
Everyone came to the party except Lucy.
=Everyone came to the party except for Lucy.
所有人都来参加派对,除了Lucy。(Lucy没来)
2)except+名词,若出现在句首,就要加上for,即except for+名词,才可在句首
3)except还可作连词,详见:except 的用法
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附:随机初级英语语法小测(含答案解析)
1.Though the player is over thirty, he can still run________ some younger players.
A. as fast as B. so fast as C. much fast than D. more faster than
答案:A
B选项用于否定句,不可用于此,据此排除B;than与比较级连用,要用faster而非fast,据此排除C;more与多音节形容词构成比较级,more不用于修饰比较级,much才可,据此排除D;as fast as 表示和..一样快,用于可用于此,故选A。
2. At the meeting Mr. King didn't say a word from beginning to end, _____ ?
A. didn't Mr. King B. did he C. did Mr. King D. didn't he
答案:B
反意疑问句的陈述部在反问时不能用名词,用人称代词,据此排除AC;反意疑问句前肯后否,前否后肯,所以此句的反问部分用肯定,故选B。
写在最后:except for, except, besides和but确实会有些让人难以理解,需要好好体会它们的用法。
